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Injury Finder

Knee Pain: Common Causes and Conditions

Knee pain has more possible causes than almost anywhere else we treat, so "my knee hurts" is rarely enough to plan around.

What narrows it down fastest is where it hurts and what set it off: a twist during a game, a jump in running mileage, a season of kneeling, or nothing obvious at all.

Start with whichever description below sounds most like yours.

Conditions we see in this region

MCL Injury

The MCL runs down the inside of your knee. Most injuries happen when something hits the outside of the knee and forces it inwards; it's the ligament most commonly injured in knee trauma.

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Prepatellar Bursitis

A bursa is a small fluid-filled sac that cushions bone from the soft tissue around it. The prepatellar bursa sits at the front of your knee, over the kneecap. When it's irritated it swells, and a tender, warm swelling right over the bursa is the classic sign.

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Patellar Dislocation

A patellar dislocation is the kneecap being forced out of its groove at the end of the thigh bone. It almost always goes outwards, towards the outside of the knee.

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Baker's Cyst

A Baker's cyst is a build-up of fluid behind the knee, usually excess fluid from the knee joint itself.

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Not sure which one fits?

Plenty of these overlap, and a knee can carry more than one at once. Working out which is driving your pain is what an assessment is for.

The rehab side of most of them is covered on our Sports Physiotherapy page, and there's a general guide in Exercises to Strengthen Your Knee. If none of the above matches, head back to the Injury Finder and start from where it hurts.

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Ahmed Elsayed, Principal Physiotherapist
Reviewed by Ahmed Elsayed Principal Physiotherapist at Well Motion